State of Europe: media, mistrust and the polarisation puzzle

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Friends of Europe State of Europe: media, mistrust and the polarisation puzzle 2025

About

The foundations of Europe’s post-war prosperity, robust social protection and institutional stability, are no longer sufficient for the challenges of today. Climate change, digital transformation, the growth of social media and shifting demographics are reshaping societies in complex ways, and traditional European policymaking frameworks are struggling to keep pace, breeding apathy and cynicism, fertile ground for populism, polarisation and disengagement from the democratic processes underpinning European society. Rebuilding trust and re-engaging citizens, especially younger Europeans, requires a fundamental shift, especially when it comes to the media.

Trust in mainstream media is under strain, with many citizens, particularly young people, sceptical of both traditional and online outlets. The overconsumption of information, combined with the concentration of media ownership in the hands of a few powerful actors, fuels a sense of fatigue and alienation. News is not always easy to digest, and the relentless flow of updates, intensified by social media, can deepen divisions rather than bridge them. According to Debating Europe’s Voices4Choices study, many young Europeans see transparent media, alongside fairer economic policies and better education, as essential to reducing polarisation, with support for education ranging from 39% in Denmark to 82% in Germany, among selected countries surveyed.

Tackling misinformation and disinformation through media education and support for independent journalism as a public good is one way forward. The challenge for policymakers, media actors and civil society is not only to counter false narratives but to rebuild trust, renew democratic engagement and make politics feel relevant again.


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Co-funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.

Schedule

Schedule

Media, mistrust and the polarisation puzzle
Expand Media, mistrust and the polarisation puzzle
  • How can Europe strengthen independent journalism while ensuring media pluralism and fairness without compromising press freedom and democratic values?
  • What role should social media platforms play in countering mis/disinformation and fostering constructive public debate?
  • How can critical media education be scaled to empower citizens to navigate an overloaded information landscape?
  • Can Europe reduce the influence of concentrated media ownership and the political impact of private corporations on public discourse?

With

Alessandra Cardaci

Head of Programming and Operations at Debating Europe

James Kanter

Journalist and Founder of EU Scream

Eugene Slavnyi

News Director at UNITED24 Media

Pawel Zerka

Senior policy fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR)

Moderated by

Malcolm Byrne

Teachta Dála, Chair of the Ireland’s Parliamentary Committee on Artificial Intelligence and European Young Leader (EYL40)

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Speakers

Speakers

Photo of Malcolm Byrne
Malcolm Byrne

Teachta Dála, Chair of the Ireland’s Parliamentary Committee on Artificial Intelligence and European Young Leader (EYL40)

Show more information on Malcolm Byrne

Malcolm Byrne is an Irish politician for the centrist Fianna Fáil party (ALDE) and served in local government before entering parliament. He is his party’s spokesperson on further and higher education, research, innovation and science. He speaks and writes regularly on regulating technology as well as the importance of the arts, sport and community volunteerism. He served on the Senate Brexit Committee. Previously, Malcolm worked as the head of communications and public affairs at the Higher Education Authority, the statutory agency in Ireland that allocates public funding to higher education and advises the government on higher education and research policy. Having worked for various lobbying and representative organisations throughout his career, Byrne was also the first commercial manager at myhome.ie, Ireland’s most successful property website. Outside of his professional career, he has completed 37 marathons, including another Dublin marathon last week.

Photo of Alessandra Cardaci
Alessandra Cardaci

Head of Programming and Operations at Debating Europe

Show more information on Alessandra Cardaci

Pronouns: she/her
Alessandra is the Head of Programming and Operations at Debating Europe, the citizen engagement unit of Friends of Europe. She oversees Debating Europe’s project implementation and develops its programme of activities ranging from citizen engagement to the “Democracy” area of expertise. Alessandra is an experienced facilitator and has an international multidisciplinary background with a focus on EU affairs, holding a joint Master’s degree in European studies at the University of Bath and Sciences Po Paris. Prior to joining Debating Europe, Alessandra worked at the European Commission, as well as in European and American not-for-profit organisations in Brussels and Berlin, in the field of communications and project management for regional development and youth engagement. Alessandra speaks Italian, English and French fluently.

James Kanter
James Kanter

Journalist and Founder of EU Scream

Show more information on James Kanter

James Kanter is the founding editor of the EU Scream politics podcast and a former correspondent for Dow Jones–Wall Street Journal Europe, the International Herald Tribune, and The New York Times in Paris and Brussels. He began his journalism career at The Cambodia Daily in Phnom Penh and has been recognised with the Reporting Europe Prize for his coverage of energy and climate issues. Kanter is known for his in-depth reporting on European politics, climate and regulatory affairs, providing critical analysis to international audiences.

Eugene Slavnyi
Eugene Slavnyi

News Director at UNITED24 Media

Show more information on Eugene Slavnyi

Eugene Slavnyi is the Editor-in-Chief and News Director of UNITED24 Media, Ukraine’s largest English-language media platform, reaching over 75 million viewers each month. A former war correspondent, he was part of the team that transformed Ukraine’s state broadcaster UT-1 into the public media company UA:PBC. Slavnyi now leads a newsroom focused on global audiences, covering Russian war crimes, conducting investigative reporting and countering disinformation. Under his direction, UNITED24 Media has become a leading English-language source on Ukraine, combining frontline journalism with digital expertise to engage international audiences effectively.

Pawel Zerka
Pawel Zerka

Senior policy fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR)

Show more information on Pawel Zerka

Pawel Zerka is a senior policy fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations, where he leads research on public opinion, polling and data analysis in foreign affairs. His work also focuses on global trade policy, Latin American politics and the roles of Poland and France in the European Union. Based in ECFR’s Paris office, Zerka previously worked as a foreign policy expert in Poland. He brings extensive analytical expertise to his research and publications, contributing to informed debates on European and global policy challenges.

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